Minority Report: Predicting Criminal Intent
A short excerpt from chapter four of Films from the Future: The Technology and Morality of Sci-Fi Movies
A short excerpt from chapter four of Films from the Future: The Technology and Morality of Sci-Fi Movies
“If there’s a flaw, it’s human — it always is.”— Danny Witwer
Criminal Intent
There’s something quite enticing about the idea of predicting how people will behave in a given situation. It’s what lies beneath personality profiling and theories of preferred team roles. But it also extends to trying to predict when people will behave badly, and taking steps to prevent this.
In this vein, I recently received an email promoting a free online test that claims to use “‘Minority Report-like’ tech to find out if you are ‘predisposed’ to negative or bad behavior.” The technology I was being encouraged to check out was an online survey being marketed by the company Veris Benchmark under the trademark “Veris Prime.” It claimed that “for the first time ever,” users had an “objective way to measure a prospective employee’s level of trustworthiness.”
Veris’ test is an online survey which, when completed, provides you (or your employer) with a “Trust Index.” If you have a Trust Index of eighty to one hundred, you’re relatively trustworthy, but below twenty or so, you’re definitely in danger of showing felonious tendencies. At the time of writing, the company’s website indicates that the Trust Index is based on research on a wide spectrum of people, although the initial data that led to the test came from 117 white-collar felons. In other words, when the test was conceived, it was assumed that answering a survey in the same way as a bunch of convicted felons is a good way of indicating if you are likely to pursue equally felonious behavior in the future.
Naturally, I took the test. I got a Trust Index of nineteen. This came with a warning that I’m likely to regularly surrender to the temptation of short-term personal gain, including cutting corners, stretching the truth, and failing to consider the consequences of my actions.
Sad to say, I don’t think I have a great track record of any of these traits; the test got it wrong (although you’ll have to trust me on this). But just to be sure that I wasn’t an outlier, I asked a few of my colleagues to also take the survey. Amazingly, it turns out that academics are some of the most felonious people around, according to the test. In fact, if the Veris Prime results are to believed, real white-collar felons have some serious competition on their hands from within the academic community. One of my colleagues even managed to get a Trust Index of two.
One of the many issues with the Veris Prime test is the training set it uses. It seems that many of the traits that are apparently associated with convicted white-collar criminals — at least according to the test — are rather similar to those that characterize curious, independent, and personally-motivated academics. It’s errors like this that can easily lead us into dangerous territory when it comes to attempting to use technology to predict what someone will do. But even before this, there are tough questions around the extent to which we should even be attempting to use science and technology to predict and prevent criminal behavior. And this leads us neatly into the movie Minority Report …
This chapter from Films from the Future goes on to look at the somewhat sordid history of using “science” to predict behavior and criminal attempt. And it explores modern-day attempts to do the same, using technologies like functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, artificial intelligence, big data, and even just looking at photos (which I’m still incredulous over), to purportedly single out people more likely to commit a crime.
Read more in Films from the Future: The Technology and Morality of Sci-Fi Movies, available at Amazon.com, Barnes and Nobel, Indie Bound, and elsewhere.
